Arthrosis deformans (osteoarthritis) is a progressive pathology, leading to malnutrition, and degeneration of the joints and of the defeat of the cartilage, until its destruction in the area of the joint.
Usually, the arthrosis deformans reveals late in his life, and the senile age, in the presence of confounding factors and diseases, often found in investigations, but does not manifest clinically.
Osteomyelitis is the most common and the pathology of the joints. It responds to 70% of all diseases of the joints.
The reasons
The exact cause of crippling arthritis today is not specified, but highlighted some of the factors that truly increase the likelihood of its development. First of all, it is in general the ageing of the body and phenomena-disturbances in the tissues, changes of cartilage and joint capsules.
The factors influencing the development of osteoarthritis can be divided into:
- external - they include the overload of the joints (for example, due to weight lifting), injuries, a professional of the influence, of the hypothermia of the joints,
- internal is the influence of heredity stretched out ligaments and joints, ovarian dysfunction and menopause changes in women, vascular accidents, the violation of blood circulation in the tissues of the cartilage, obesity.
Arthrosis deformans, as one of the symptoms can be alcoholism or myxedema, acromegaly or during treatment with hormones, when congenital hip dislocation, a Marfan syndrome (a hereditary disease characterized by excessive mobility of the joints and the extension of an os). the immobility of the joint)
The stages of development of
In the development of debilitating osteoarthritis, there are a number of conformists successive stages, successive:
- reduction of aqueous cartilage, which leads to its thinning and drying,
- the formation in the cartilage defects and cracks,
- the destruction of the cartilage simultaneous strong contraction of the joint space,
- the disappearance of the cartilage bone edges
- compensatory seal the ends of bones that are not of the cartilage surface,
- the violation of the work of joints with sprains, fractures, and violation of the functioning of the members.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis
First of all, the main manifestation crippling of osteoarthritis is
- the pain on the inside of the joint, worse after exercise or at night,
- affects individual joints,
- the affected joints is not symmetric,
- by doing this, it is not common manifestations of the joints,
- no fever,
- no strong reddening of the joints,
- no change in the analyses.
The process occurs most often in the knee, the hip or the interphalangeal joint.
If the disease progresses to a degree of destruction of the cartilage, occurs sensitive to blockade of the joint, when walking is manifested by a pain that does not move the legs and forces them to stop. This occurs because of the penetration in the cavity of the joint, pieces of cartilage or small bone fragments (joint, the "mouse").
In the area of the joints of the phalanges occur gnarled, very solid teaching, and the joints are not highly distorted, the muscles are not subjected to the atrophy, is not the immobility of the joint.
On the inside of the joints when driving to hear the crunching sound of friction, the surfaces uneven with each other.
Because of the pain and mobility restrictions can form contractures (muscle contractions), which shortens the feet or hands.
The arthrosis deformans of its manifestations is similar on the different forms of arthritis, in the first place it is necessary to distinguish it from rheumatoid arthritis.
The diagnosis
Typical criteria for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis does not exist, it can be externally recognize the nodes on the phalanges of the fingers. The suspicion of osteoarthritis occurs when:
- typical of the defeat of the joints,
- the prolonged duration of the course of the disease for many years,
- the advanced age of the patient.
The basis of diagnosis – x-ray data, occurring before the period of the clinical signs and the pain.
Is manifested by a narrowing of the joint space, the change of the flattening and deformation of the surfaces of the joint, instability in the region of the joint with dislocation and subluxation visible at the limit of expansion of the bone, osteosclerosis (excessive increase of bone density).
With the progression of the process are identified to the bone of the spines and the tuberosities, to the articular of the slot may become wedge-shaped.
Complete the study of arthroscopy, the research of blood with no signs of inflammation.
It is necessary to conduct studies peri-articular fluid.
The treatment for crippling osteoarthritis
The same symptoms can be signs of various diseases and the disease is not in the manual. Do not try to medicate themselves — speak with your doctor.
The treatment involved traumatologists and orthopedists.
The methods of treatment for crippling osteoarthritis depend on the degree of involvement in the process of the joints, as well as the duration of lesions and the presence of pain.
First of all, apply the conservative treatment
- reduction of loads on the joints
- the reduction of the weight
- the application of metabolites during aloe, gumizolya or vagabond intramuscular exchange,
- apply a stimulant of cartilage repair in the injections by the intramuscular route exchange.
Complete the treatment
- the application of drugs
- anti-inflammatory therapy.
If there is inflammation in the joint, shows the rate of hormone hydrocortisone to the inside of the joint.
Also use the massage services, physiotherapy from the impact, mud, thermal effects. It is useful to cure.
In advanced cases, allows the surgical treatment of arthroplasty of the joint. In the future, shows the unloading of the joint, reduction of the body weight, walking with support on a cane or crutches, and physiotherapy.
Forecast
Osteomyelitis, without treatment, is slow, but steady and progressive course. Leads to disability and a breakdown of the functions of the joints, disorders of the circulation. Therefore, at the onset of the first signs of osteoarthritis shows active therapy lasts for 1 to 2 months.