The pain in the spine is one of the most common complaints among men. Unlike all other mammals, only one person has back problems, because walking right greatly enhances the load on the spine.
In itself, the spine consists of several divisions, and most often a throbbing pain in the back located in a single one of them.
The causes of the discomfort
Factors affecting the functioning of the spine known of all:
- sedentary sedentary lifestyle;
- the lack of physical exercise;
- strong weight lifting;
- a physical work.
In addition, the impact of hereditary factors and associated with a pathology, which, for example, affect the blood circulation in the spine.
The spine is a group of vertebrae between which is located an elastic disk, playing the role of shock absorber. The mobility of all the segments give the facet joints and articular cartilage.
The violation of the integrity or the location of any part of the vertebra leads to different pathologies, which express painful feelings.
From the spinal cord to provide the specific nerve roots that pass near pozvonkam, therefore, a large part of the unpleasant feeling related to their achievement.
Mainly the throbbing pain in the spine occurs for several reasons:
- The cracks in the vertebrae.
- The low back pain.
- Spondylosis.
- The hernia between the vertebrae.
- Lumbago.
One of the most serious of the disease is easy to distinguish from the ordinary of the pain in the back, because in the latter case, it is simply an inflammation or stretching of the muscles, and the state goes pretty quickly. In the case of lesions of the spine from the sensations are extremely high and require treatment.
The cracks in the spine
In fact, in the medical community, this term is not adopted. The notion of "crack" means part-time fracture without spinal cord injury.
The spine is designed in such a way to be the pillar of the whole body, it is quite flexible and dynamic, in consequence of which one can make the twists and turns, slopes. However, even a nearly perfect mechanism which is extremely volatile.
Cracks can occur for the following reasons:
- A bad fall or a running athlete of the year.
- The fall from a great height.
- The strong pressure of the body (for example, a car accident).
The elderly are particularly at risk because they have a such damage may occur even with a minimal load on the back, the vertebrae are too fragile and not enough are necessary trace elements.
Is not always a person may suspect in him, the violation of the integrity of the spine. In some cases, the cracks are so insignificant that they continue to live fully in it. However, in addition, these changes are immediately know.
The characteristic symptoms of cracks in the spine:
- strong acute and throbbing pain in the place of the injury, which can распростронять in other areas of the back;
- increase in pain on palpation and / or changing the position of the body;
- the formation of swelling and bruising at the site of the lesion;
- the tension in the muscles of the back, restricted in his movements.
If, following a trauma is detached from the part of the vertebra, it can compress the nerves of the spine or injury to him-even the spinal cord, in this case, the pain burning and sharp and the need to take emergency measures in case of hospitalization, to eliminate the fragment.
Osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a condition associated with degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc and of articular cartilage.
Is that it develops most often in the elderly due to poor nutrition of the tissues, but recently, the diagnosis of "rejuvenates". Due to the lack of nutrients the first suffers from a disc between the vertebrae, which loses its firmness and flexibility. It decreases the size, compressed and to the following ceases to carry out its main function to adjacent vertebrae. This thin strip is not capable of separating the bones of the vertebrae from each other, and they begin to interact, causing an inflammation.
Degenerative changes in the disc lead, in addition, abnormalities, and impairment of the nerve root.
Other amendments relate to the spinal joints and ligaments. The bone tissue develops, the result lost the mobility of the spine, it is of curves, to develop a kyphosis and scoliosis.
For help! The cargo, which is distributed unevenly on the human body, for example, a heavy bag, that every day is worn over one shoulder, causes diseases of the spine.
Cause the disease can not only track the age, but several other reasons:
- the increase of the load on the spine: the physical work, overweight, a profession related to the constant sitting position or standing;
- the violation of the metabolism;
- the intoxication of the organism;
- the lack of vitamins and mineral substances;
- somatic diseases;
- the changes in hormone levels.
Osteochondrosis is divided into cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine.
The symptoms of the disease:- With the defeat of the cervical spine, one observes the symptoms: pain in the neck, the hands, the numbness, hearing loss, headaches.
- When you defeat the chest appear: a throbbing pain in the back, shortness of breath, pain in the heart muscle.
- When the defeat of the lumbar region, felt a stabbing pain in the lower back, the rump, and then she extends to her feet. They may develop disorders of the urinary organs.
When the defeat of the cervical spine occurs a violation of blood circulation of the brain, and therefore, you experience other symptoms:
- the differences of pressure;
- nausea;
- the dizziness, the onset of points or spots before the eyes;
- the sleep disorders.
Most often osteochondrosis occurs throbbing pain or pain that pulls the spine in the lumbar region. This is due to the fact that there is 5 larger vertebrae, which crushes all the upper part of the spine. In addition, it is this area of over stiffened at the elevation of the cargo, the slopes, the turns.
Spondylosis
Spondylosis – this is a disease where on the edges of the vertebrae to form growths on the bone, pathological bony growths. Such a state is the next step after the degenerative disc disease of the spine.
Because of the deformation of the intervertebral discs, and development of the local inflammation thickens the bone tissue of the vertebral column. In конченом finally, begin to accumulate calcium salt, formed a so-called spikes that compress the nerve roots and the vertebrate blood vessels.
Causes of the disease most often are the following:
- the back injuries;
- at the age;
- the chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes);
- obesity.
The symptomatology is similar to osteochondrosis and manifest as pain in the innervated area, the muscle tension, limitation of mobility, the strengthening of the кифоза or lordosis.
Interesting fact! Спондилезом suffered the former. The scholar-archaeologists have managed to detect these pathological changes in the residues of the vertebral structures of the mummies.
Hernia between vertebrae
The disease is usually does not occur dramatically. Gradually happening overwriting of the disk located between the vertebrae. One part fibrous ring (outer envelope) exceeds the edge of the spine. In such a situation, not to speak about that of protrusion of the disk.
In cases of high or strong pressure, an insufficient supply of tissues fibrous ring may burst, and then the inner portion of the disc – pulpous core spell. In this case diagnosis of the hernia. The kernel touches the nerve endings and thus causes a burning pain.
Most often, the hernia is localized in the lumbar. The person experiences the following symptoms:
- the pain, the contradiction in the buttocks and legs;
- numbness of the legs;
- the failure of the urinary system.
For a cervical hernia nucleus is characterized by numbness of the hands, differences in blood pressure, dizziness, abdominal pain, confides in the shoulders.
For a hernia in the chest (which rarely happens), characterized by pain in the chest, which is often considered a disease of the adjacent organs.
Lumbago
Under the term lumbago refers to aching pain in the back, with different causes. This is not independent of the disease, as well as a demonstration of negative changes at the level of the vertebrae.
In the base of lumbago are dystrophic and degenerative, passing into the spinal column. Often, the first cause, as many other states, osteochondrosis.
In addition, the pain may occur because of:
- the disease Ankylosing spondylitis;
- trauma and tumors of the spine;
- the tuberculosis (tb);
- congenital dysplasia.
The state of pain is often referred to as the lumbar pain, because the product of the acute pain and throbbing.
If such a man was severely bent and cannot straighten. Brings relief from lying on your stomach on a hard surface to put under the tree. Because of the acute pain occurs with muscle spasms and tense muscles, increase the unpleasant sensations.
If the damage to the roots of the sciatic nerve occurs lumbago, where the pain extends to the buttocks and thighs.
With the exception of the pain of the low back pain occur symptoms such as:
- numbness of the skin at the site of acute pain or, on the contrary, the feeling of tingling and "hen";
- palpitations;
- the sweating.
The state of pain may last from a few hours to a few days and sometimes stops you-even without any intervention.
The throbbing pain in the back – it is almost always the signal of the lesion of the vertebral column. It is not enough to relax or change position. The first signs of a pathology in need of to go to the doctor for an accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.